What act requires schools to provide equal access to girls in sports?

The requirement for schools to provide equal access to girls in sports is mandated by Title IX of the Education Amendments. Title IX, enacted in 1972, prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. This includes athletics, where it specifically ensures that girls have the same opportunities as boys to participate in sports and receive equal funding and support.

Under Title IX, schools are obligated to offer equal opportunities regarding participation, scholarships, facilities, and coaching for both male and female athletes. This landmark legislation has significantly changed the landscape of women's sports in schools and has been pivotal in promoting gender equity in education and athletics across the United States.

In contrast, the other options—such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which primarily addresses discrimination in broader contexts; the Equal Pay Act, which addresses wage inequality; and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which focuses on educational rights for students with disabilities—do not specifically target equal access to sports for girls. Thus, Title IX stands out as the key legislation directly tied to this requirement.