Which landmark Supreme Court case declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional?

The landmark Supreme Court case that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional is Brown v. Board of Education. This pivotal decision, issued in 1954, fundamentally changed the legal landscape of education in the United States by determining that "separate but equal" educational facilities for racial minorities and whites were inherently unequal, thus violating the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

This ruling was a significant milestone in the Civil Rights Movement, as it officially overturned previous rulings that upheld segregation, such as Plessy v. Ferguson. The decision emphasized that segregated schools create a sense of inferiority amongst African American children that could affect their educational and personal development. Brown v. Board of Education set a legal precedent that would be used to challenge segregation in various public areas, ultimately leading to greater strides towards racial equality in America.